TRANSFORMER

Transformer:

A Transformer is a machine that is used to step up and step down the voltages.The Transformer consists of two windings out of which one is of low voltage and another is of high voltage.In other word these windings are also known as Primary and Secondary windings.These windings are wounded on either sides of a Core frame, which is a magnetic material.

1.STEP UP TRANSFORMER:Here a low voltage is stepped up or increased or amplified into high voltage as per the requirement.

2.STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER: Here a high voltage is stepped down or reduced to low voltage as per the requirement.

A Transformer works on the principle of Electro magnetic induction.When the primary winding is fed by the supply due to this a flux is produced in its coil and thus leads to the generation of emf in the secondary coil due to the Electro magnetic induction.These coils are magnetically coupled, not Electrically.Thus we can understand the basic working principle of a Transformer.

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SWITCHING TRANSIENTS IN TRANSFORMER

Switching Transients: The word Transients is always very Scary for me but not any more hahaaa...........what about you???? Well coming to the point...why do these Switching Transients occur in a Transformer. When the switch is closed when the voltage is maximum...then the flux required by the core is zero and the available flux in the core is also zero and hence NORMAL OPERATION is sufficient When the switch is closed when the voltage is crossing zero...then the flux required by the core is maximum but here the avaliable flux in the core is zero and hence TRANSIENT OPERATION is required Here when the Transient operation takes place then the flux doubles gradually and this is known as Doubling Effect of Transformer.This Doubling Effect causes magnetic in rush current and Damage in the insulation. Using Secondary Harmonic Restraining Coil can reduce all these Drawbacks.

GENERATOR

GENERATOR: A Generator is a machine which converts Mechanical energy into Electrical energy.These are widely used inside the Power plants for the generation of Power. Generator In general the Generator we see in a Thermal power plant gains its mechanical energy from the Turbine connected to it and this mechanical energy is thus converted into the required Electrical energy by the Generator.I myself experienced a 15 days of internship in a Thermal power plant and the Generator was about the size of a lager hall both in its length and breadth and the output Electrical energy is thus achieved by the use of a Generator.

WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CAPACITOR AND INDUCTOR ?

Do you know this???? We know that a capacitor is more or less a battery which store energy and coming to an inductor it is also a device which stores the energy but what's the difference??????? Come lets know... CAPACITOR is a device which stores only electrical energy in the form of POTENTIAL ENERGY. And, INDUCTOR is a device which stores Magnetic energy in the form of KINETIC ENERGY.

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